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- Signes et abréviations conventionnels   - Comparaisons internationales.

International trade. --- International trade --- Moral and ethical aspects.

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This special issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences contains a collection of articles by colleagues of Antonius (Ton) Gerardus Rolink (19/04/1953-06/08/2017) and honors Ton's life and profound knowledge of and huge contribution to science. Ton participated in an FP7 Marie Curie Initial Training Network called DECIDE, and partners have submitted articles for this Special Issue. Scientists outside this network have also submitted articles. The articles examine various aspects of how the hematopoietic stem-cell gives rise to the different types of blood and immune cells. These include decision-making by the hematopoietic stem cell and the importance of controlling events within cells and the niches the cell resides in. New insights into these processes at the basic scientific level have given rise to an emerging new model for the development of blood cells. In turn, changes to our understanding of this process have led to new and exciting propositions regarding what goes wrong during the early stages of the development of leukemia.

Stem cells --- Stem cells --- Research. --- Research --- Moral and ethical aspects.

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Islamic Ethics and the Genome Question is one of the very first academic works, which examine the field of genomics from an Islamic perspective. This twelve-chapter volume presents the results from a pioneering seminar held in 2017 at the Research Center for Islamic Legislation andamp; Ethics, College of Islamic Studies, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, in Qatar. The contributors to this volume, coming from different disciplines and specializations, approached the key ethical questions raised by the emerging field of genomics, viz. the Genome Question (GQ), from various angles and perspectives. Their shared thesis is that the breadth and depth of both the GQ and the Islamic tradition necessitate going beyond just producing quick answers in response to immediate questions. In order to accommodate the complexity and wide scope of the GQ, the volume included critical analyses of the ethical discourse on genomics, from outside the Islamic tradition. Within the Islamic tradition, the contributing authors explored how the QG can be better explored by involving insights from various disciplines including Quran exegesis, Islamic jurisprudence, philosophy and theology. Besides its interest for researchers and students specialized in ethics, bioethics and Islamic studies, this volume will be a source of important information for geneticists, genomicists and social scientists who are interested in the ethical discourse about genomics in the Muslim world. Contributors include Arzoo Ahmed, Abbas Amir, Saadia Bendenia, Mohammed Ghaly, Mutaz al-Khatib, Amara Naceur, Aasim I. Padela, Ayman Shabana, Trevor Stammers, Mehrunisha Suleman and Hub Zwart.

Genomics --- Islamic ethics. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Muslim ethics --- Religious ethics --- Genome research --- Genomes --- Molecular genetics --- Research --- Middle Eastern history

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Les algorithmes prennent une place grandissante dans la société, que ce soit pour des applications informatiques ou pour des usages en société (réseaux sociaux, moteurs de recherche, affectation post-bac, découpage électoral). Lorsque la théorie prend du retard sur la pratique, les méthodes risquent d’être appliquées avant qu’on ait compris leurs aspects fondamentaux, ce qui induit des risques de manipulation. La perspective algorithmique allie des considérations d’efficacité à une approche systématique des problèmes passant par différentes phases (modélisation, formalisation, résolution, application) au cours desquelles l’aléatoire joue un rôle important. Quand ils sont bien conçus, les algorithmes peuvent être un outil de transformation de la société et contribuer au bien social.

Algorithms --- Algorithmes --- Social aspects. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Aspect social --- Aspect moral --- Multidisciplinary --- algorithmique --- algorithmes --- informatique --- Informatique et sciences numériques

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Coffee from East Africa, wine from California, chocolate from the Ivory Coast - all those every day products are based on labour, often produced under appalling conditions, but always involving the combination of various work processes we are often not aware of. What is the day-to-day reality for workers in various parts of the world, and how was it in the past? How do they work today, and how did they work in the past? These and many other questions comprise the field of the global history of work - a young discipline that is introduced with this handbook. In 8 thematic chapters, this book discusses these aspects of work in a global and long term perspective, paying attention to several kinds of work. Convict labour, slave and wage labour, labour migration, and workers of the textile industry, but also workers' organisation, strikes, and motivations for work are part of this first handbook of global labour history, written by the most renowned scholars of the profession.

Work --- Moral and ethical aspects --- History. --- Industry (Psychology) --- Method of work --- Work, Method of --- Human behavior --- Labor --- Occupations --- Work-life balance --- E-books